佛山辅导FDA验厂 老品牌 可信赖
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关 键 词:佛山辅导FDA验厂
行 业:商务服务 认证服务
发布时间:2020-03-13
FDA对中国医疗器械领域企业的工厂检查概览
中国医疗器械出口美国份额逐年增长,因此中国的医疗器械制造商被抽样进行工厂检查的比例也在逐年升高。从2014年开始,基本上每年抽查都在100家以上。中国医疗器械企业在FDA进行注册备案的数量约为4500家,因此抽查的概率在2-3%。2018年的抽查数量看起来有所下降,这与美国在2018年较长时间的“停摆”有直接的关系,否则其总数必然超过100家。
FDA抽查中国医疗器械企业情况
从中国企业接受FDA工厂检查的结果来看,2013年之前整体审查结果堪忧,通常都是VAI多,甚至有OAI超过NAI的年份。但是从2013年开始,整体的规律和国际基本看齐。特别是到2017和2018年,被采取强制措施的工厂都只有三家。这和中国的工厂越来越重视美国FDA的工厂审查,愿意从一开始进入美国市场就充分评估风险并采取必要措施确保产品和过程合规有直接的关系。
结 语
尽管中美贸易战如火如荼,但是美国仍然是中国医疗器械产品出口的重要目标市场。在复杂的大环境下,控制好自身风险,确保产品合规显得尤为重要。因此,我们建议凡是出口医疗器械到美国市场的制造商,应该从出口业务启动就按照美国质量体系法规21 CFR PART 820建议质量管理体系,来确保管理体系合规。
当然,如果您已经出口到美国了又还没有建立满足21 CFR PART820的质量体系,不论处于任何阶段,都可以寻求专业机构的支持以降低风险。SUNGO是行业内具备辅导医疗器械、食品、药品和化妆品四大领域企业成功通过FDA工厂审查的咨询机构,我们可以协助中国制造商持续符合FDA法规要求。
21 CFR 211.42(b) states, in part, that “The flow of components, drug product containers, closures, labeling, in-process materials, and drug products through the building or buildings shall be designed to prevent contamination.”
CFR211.42(b)规定,“药物成分、容器、密封、标签、中间材料和药品在厂房内或厂房间的运输应该能够防止污染。”
21 CFR 211.42(c) states, in part, that “Operations shall be performed within specifically defined areas of adequate size. There shall be separate or defined areas or such other control systems for the firm’s operations as are necessary to prevent contamination or mixups during the course of the following procedures: * * * (10) Aseptic processing, which includes as appropriate: (i) Floors, walls, and ceilings of smooth, hard surfaces that are easily cleanable; (ii) Temperature and humidity controls; (iii) An air supply filtered through high-efficiency particulate air filters under positive pressure, regardless of whether flow is laminar or nonlaminar; (iv) A system for monitoring environmental conditions; (v) A system for cleaning and disinfecting the room and equipment to produce aseptic conditions; (vi) A system for maintaning any equipment used to control the aseptic conditions.”
CFR211.42(c )规定,“操作应当在有充足空间的指定区域内进行。操作应该分隔或指定的区域,或者有其它控制系统,以便在下面过程中防止污染或混淆: …(10)无菌加工,措施包括以下:(i)地面、墙面和天花板的表面平滑、坚硬并且容易清洁;(ii)温度和湿度控制;(iii)供应通过HEPA滤器过滤的空气,并保持正压,不论气流是层流或非层流;(iv)检测环境质量的系统;(v)清洁及消毒房间和设备以产生无菌条件的系统;(vi) 维护用于控制无菌环境的任何设备的系统。”
21 CFR 211.46(b) states that “Equipment for adequate control over air pressure, micro-organisms, dust, humidity, and temperature shall be provided when appropriate for the manufacture, processing, packing, or holding of a drug product.”
CFR211.46(b)规定,“当对生产、制造、包装或储存药品有利时,应当提供能充分控制压差、微生物、尘埃粒子、湿度及温度的设备。”
21 CFR 211.46(c) states, in part, that “Air filtration systems, including prefilters and particulate matter air filters, shall be used when appropriate on air supplies to production areas * * *.
CFR211.46(c )规定,“当对供应生产区域的空气有利时,应当提供空气过滤系统,包括初效过滤器及颗粒空气过滤器…。”
21 CFR 211.63 states that “Equipment used in the manufacture, processing, packing, or holding of a drug product shall be of appropriate design, adequate size, and suitably located to facilitate operations for its intended use and for its cleaning and maintenance.”
CFR211.63规定,“用于生产、加工、包装及储存药品的设备应当设计合理,有足够空间并且被适当定位,以方便其既定用途的操作并且方便清洁和维护。”
21 CFR 211.65(a) states that “Equipment shall be constructed so that surfaces that contact components, in-process materials, or drug products shall not be reactive, additive, or absorptive so as to alter the safety, identity, strength, quality, or purity of the drug product beyond the official or other established requirements.”
CFR211.65(a)规定,“设备接触药品成分、中间材料或药品的表面应该无反应、无添加并且无吸附,不会改变药品的安全性、成分、浓度、质量或纯度并使它们超出或已经建立的标准。”
21 CFR 211.67(a) states that “Equipment and utensils shall be cleaned, maintained, and sanitized at appropriate intervals to prevent malfunctions or contamination that would alter the safety, identity, strength, quality, or purity of the drug product beyond the official or other established requirements.”
CFR211.67(a)规定,“设备和器具应当以合适间隔清洁、维护和消毒,以预防故障或污染改变药品的安全性、成分、浓度、质量或纯度并使它们超出或已经建立的标准。”
21 CFR 211.113(b) states that “Appropriate written procedures, designed to prevent microbiological contamination of drug products purporting to be sterile, shall be established and followed. Such procedures shall include validation of any sterilization process.”
CFR211.63(b)规定,“应当建立及遵从预防无菌药品受到微生物感染的合适书面程序。 这些程序应当包括任何灭菌工艺的验证。”
As provided for in the regulations, separate or defined areas of operation in an aseptic processing facility should be appropriately controlled to attain different degrees of air quality depending on the nature of the operation. Design of a given area involves satisfying microbiological and particle criteria as defined by the equipment, components, and products exposed, as well as the operational activities conducted in the area.
如法规规定,无菌加工设施中操作的分隔或指定区域应当受到合理控制,以根据操作的性质而获得空气质量的不同水平。给定区域的设计应该满足微生物和尘埃粒子标准,所述标准根据设备、成分和暴露的产品以及在该区域内进行的操作而确定。
Clean area control parameters should be supported by microbiological and particle data obtained during qualification studies. Initial cleanroom qualification includes, in part, an assessment of air quality under as-built, static conditions. It is important for area qualification and classification to place most emphasis on data generated under dynamic conditions (i.e., with personnel present, equipment in place, and operations ongoing). An adequate aseptic processing facility monitoring program also will assess conformance with specified clean area classifications under dynamic conditions on a routine basis.
洁净区域控制参数应当得到验证期间获得的微生物和尘埃粒子数据支持。洁净室的验证其中包括对空态、静态条件下空气质量的评价。区域验证和分级中,重要的是将大部分重点放在动态条件(即设备到位、人员到岗并且进行操作)下产生的数据。充分的无菌加工设施监测程序也将评估在日常运作的动态条件下与特定洁净区域分级的符合性。
The following table summarizes clean area air classifications and recommended action levels of microbiological quality (Ref. 1).
前言近年来SUNGO为国内众多制造商提供了FDA验厂的辅导和翻译陪审服务。这其中包括了FDA提前五天通知验厂的时间极端紧迫的案例,也包括了为连续两次验厂失败的制造商解除警告信并移除进口禁令的复杂度极高的案例。 就目前的一些验厂经验为大家列几条FDA验厂的注意事项,希望可以帮助到广大出口企业。
PART 1
FDA工厂审查的概况 :
每年FDA对全球的医疗器械制造商进行抽样审查,作为其进行售后市场监管的主要途径之一。所有的审查都会由美国FDA的工作人员进行,不论这些人是什么族裔,他们都是美国籍,都代表了美国的利益。 近几年,在美国以外的国际市场,中国制造商的被抽样量一直稳居全球首位。目前中国在FDA的注册制造商约为4500家左右,每年抽查的概率在2-3%。通常FDA工厂审查会由1-2名审查官进行为期4天的现场审查。制造商无需支付任何审查费用。
PART 2
工厂审查的结果: 大部分的中国制造商收到美国FDA的审查通知都会比较重视,基本上都会积极应对,动员内外部的力量和资源来确保审查顺利进行。当然也有部分制造商不了解这次审查的重要性可能会导致的结果,没有给予足够的重视,导致后面很被动的局面。
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