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飞机汽车户外除冰加热技术
LDI systems are safe by design
Safety
An extremely useful property is that LDI uses ’s heat-able coatings which have a positive temperature coefficient (PTC). In such materials the electrical resistance increases with increasing temperature. As a result, a PTC coating can be designed to reach a maximum temperature for a given input voltage, since at some point any further increase in temperature would be met with greater electrical resistance. As a result, PTC coatings are temperature self- limiting and prevent heater failure due to “hot spots” that can quickly develop with conventional heaters. Villinger coatings also exhibit smooth, distributed heating over the entire energized zone. Because coatings are temperature self-limiting, on many occassions there is no need to thermal sensing which may be required using conventional de-icer pads, thus further reducing system complexity. It should also be noted that designs the polymers to have only mild resistance changes with varying ambient temperature, primarily to ensure sufficient resistance at lower temperatures to prevent extreme power draw by the system when initially activated.
LDI的一个极为有用的特性是使用了具有正温度系数（PTC）的维林格）可加热涂料。在这种材料中，电阻随着温度的升高而增加。结果，可以将PTC涂层设计为在给定输入电压下达到最高温度，因为在某个点上，任何更大的电阻都将满足温度的进一步升高。因此，PTC涂层具有温度自限性，可防止由于“热点”而导致的加热器故障，而传统的加热器会迅速产生“热点”。 PTC涂层在整个通电区域还显示出平滑，分散的热量。由于PTC涂层具有温度自限性，因此在很多情况下都不需要使用常规除冰垫进行热感测，从而进一步降低了系统复杂性。还应注意，PTC油墨聚合物在环境温度变化的情况下仅具有轻微的电阻变化，主要是为了确保在较低的温度下具有足够的电阻，以防止系统在初始激活时产生极大的功率消耗。
