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关 键 词：如何用stata做森林图
行 业：IT 软件 教学管理软件
发布时间：2024-04-29
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Frequentist hypothesis testing is based on a deterministic decision using a prespecified significance level of whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis based on the observed data, assuming that the null hypothesis is actually true. The decision is based on a p-value computed from the observed data. The interpretation of the p-value is that if we repeat the same experiment and use the same testing procedure many times, then given our null hypothesis is true, we will observe the result (test statistic) as extreme or more extreme than the one observed in the sample (100 p-value)% of the times. The p-value cannot be interpreted as a probability of the null hypothesis, which is a common misinterpretation. In fact, it answers the question of how likely are our data given that the null hypothesis is true, and not how likely is the null hypothesis given our data. The latter question can be answered by Bayesian hypothesis testing, where we can compute the probability of any hypothesis of interest.
Stata 16版本更新22条新功能。比以往的版本更强大，更值得您拥有。
As a quick introduction to Bayesian analysis, we use an example, described in Hoff (2009, 3), of estimating the prevalence of a rare infectious disease in a small city. A small random sample of 20 subjects from the city will be checked for infection. The parameter of interest 2 [0; 1] is the fraction of infected individuals in the city. Outcome y records the number of infected individuals in the sample. A reasonable sampling model for y is a binomial model: yj Binomial(20; ). Based on the studies from other comparable cities, the infection rate ranged between 0.05 and 0.20, with an average prevalence of 0.10. To use this information, we must conduct Bayesian analysis.
我们每一个数据管理功能都有完整的解释，并记录在案，并在实践中显示实际的例子。每一个估计都有完全记录，包含几个真实数据的例子，真正讨论如何解释结果。这些例子都给了数据，您可以直接在Stata中使用，甚至扩展您的分析。我们给您快速启动每一个功能，展示一些常用用途。想要了解更多细节，我们的方法和公式部分提供了计算的细节，我们参考部分会给出更多信息。 Stata是一个很大的软件包，包含了多的文档，超过27卷14,000页的内容。不用担心，在Help菜单中输入要搜索的内容，Stata会搜索到关键词、指数，甚至用户编写的程序包，这些会让您得到想要了解的一切。Stata包含了所有这些您想要的内容。
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