杭州IATF16949认证ISO认证标准汽车质量体系
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ly described as follows:PDCA循环可以简要描述如下：
— Plan: establish the objectives of the system and its processes, and the resources needed to
deliver results in accordance with customers’ requirements and the organization’s policies, and
identify and address risks and opportunities;策划(Plan)：根据顾客的要求和组织的方针，建立体系的
目标及其过程，确定实现结果所需的资源，并识别和应对风险和机遇；
— Do: implement what was planned;实施(Do)：执行所做的策划；
— Check: monitor and (where applicable) measure processes and the resulting products and
services against policies, objectives, requirements and planned activities, and report the results;检查
(Check)：根据方针、目标、要求和所策划的活动，对过程以及形成的产品和服务进行监视和测量（适
用时），并报告结果；
— Act: take actions to improve performance, as necessary.处置(Act)：必要时，采取措施提高绩效。
0.3.3 Risk-based thinking 基于风险的思维
Risk-based thinking (see Clause A.4) is essential for achieving an effective quality manage
Advanced product quality planning (APQP) 产品质量先期策划(APQP)
Product quality planning process that supports development of a product or service that will satisfy
customer requirements; APQP service as a guide in the development process and also a standard way to
share results between organizations and their customers; APQP covers design robustness，design testing
and specification compliance，production process design，quality inspection standards，process capability，
production capacity，production packing，product testing and operator training plan，among other items
对开发某一满足顾客要求的产品或服务提供支持的产品质量策划过程；APQP对开发过程具有指导意
义，并且是组织与其顾客之间共享结果的标准方式；APQP涵盖的项目包括设计稳健性，设计试验和
规范符合性，生产过程设计，质量检验标准，过程能力，生产能力，产品包装，产品试验和操作员培
训计划
.1 Scope—automotive supplemental to ISO 9001:2015范围—汽车行业对ISO9001：2015的补充
This Automotive QMS standard defines the quality management system requirements for the design
anddevelopment, production and, when relevant, assembly, installation, and services of
automotive-relatedproducts, including production with embedded software.本汽车QMS标准规定了汽车
相关产品（包括装有嵌入式软件的产品）的设计和开发、生产，以及（相关时）装配、安装和服务的
质量管理体系要求。
This Automotive QMS standard is applicable to sites of the organization where manufacturing
ofcustomer-specified production parts，service parts，and/or accessory parts occur.本汽车QMS标准适用
于制造顾客*生产件、服务件和/或配件的组织的现场。
This Automotive QMS standard should be applied throughout the automotive supply chain.应当在整个汽车
供应链中实施本汽车QMS标准。
Customer requirements 顾客要求
all requirements specified by the customer (e.g., technical, commercial, product and manufacturing
process-related requirements, general terms and conditions, customer-specific requirements, etc.)
Where the audited organization is a vehicle manufacturer, vehicle manufacturer subsidiary,
or joint venture with a vehicle manufacturer, the relevant customer is specified by the
vehicle manufacturer, their subsidiaries, or joint ventures.
顾客要求
Challenge (master) part 挑战（原版）件
Part(s) of known specification, calibrated and traceable to standards, with expected results(pass or fail)
that are used to validate the functionality of an error-proofing device or check fixtures( e.g., go/no-go
gauging)具有已知规范、经校准并且可追溯到标准的零件，其预期结果（通过或不通过）用于确认防
错装置或检具（如通止规）的功能性。
Fault tree analysis (FTA) 故障树分析法（FTA）
Deductive failure analysis methodology in which an undesired state of a system is analysed； fault tree
analysis maps the relationship between faults, subsystems, and redundant design elements by creating a
logic diagram of the coverall system分析系统非理想状态的演绎故障分析法；通过创建整个系统的逻辑
框图，故障树分析法显示出各故障、子系统及冗余设计要素之间的关系
